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S Leney, Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
J Tavare, Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom

Correspondence: Jeremy Tavare, Email: j.tavare{at}bristol.ac.uk

The search for the underlying mechanism through which insulin regulates glucose uptake into peripheral tissues has unveiled a highly intricate network of molecules which function in concert to elicit the redistribution or translocation of the glucose transporter isoform GLUT4 from intracellular membranes to the cell surface. Following recent technological advances within this field, this review aims to bring together the key molecular players which are thought to be involved in GLUT4 translocation and will attempt to address the spatial relationship between the signalling and trafficking components of this event. We will also explore the degree to which components of the insulin signalling and GLUT4 trafficking machinery may serve as potential targets for the development of orally available insulin mimics for the treatment of type I diabetes mellitus.