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This Article Accepted manuscript (PDF) All Versions of this Article: JOE-09-0020v1 202/3/397    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Google Scholar Articles by Oliveira, E. Articles by Lisboa, P. PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Oliveira, E. Articles by Lisboa, P.

E Oliveira, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
E Moura, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
A Santos-Silva, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
A Fagundes, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
A Rios, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Y Abreu-Villaca, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
J Nogueira Neto, 2Laboratory of Lipids, School of Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Riode Janeiro, Brazil
M Passos, Nutrition Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
P Lisboa, Physiology Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 20551-030, Brazil

Correspondence: Patricia Lisboa, Email: pclisboa{at}uerj.br

Epidemiological studies show a higher prevalence of obesity in children from smoking mothers and smoking may affect human thyroid function. To evaluate the mechanism of smoking as an imprinting factor for these dysfunctions, we evaluated the programming effects of maternal nicotine exposure during lactation. Two days after birth, osmotic minipumps were implanted in lactating rats, divided into: NIC- nicotine (6mg/Kg/day sc) for 14 days; C- saline. All the significant data were p<0.05 or less. Body weight was increased from 165 days-old onwards on NIC offspring. Both during exposure (at 15 days-old) and at adulthood (180 days-old), NIC group showed higher total fat (27% and 33%). In addition, NIC offspring presented increased visceral fat and body total protein. Lipid profile was not changed in adulthood. Leptinaemia was higher at 15 and 180 days-old (36% and 113%), with no changes in food intake. Concerning the thyroid status, the 15 days-old NIC offspring showed lower serum free T3 and T4 with higher TSH. The 180 days-old NIC offspring exhibited lower TSH, free T3 and T4. In both periods liver type 1 deiodinase was lower (26% and 55%). We evidenced that nicotine imprints a neonatal thyroid dysfuntion and programs for a higher adiposity, hyperleptinaemia and secondary hypothyroidism in adulthood. Our study identifies lactation as critical period to nicotine programming for obesity, with hypothyroidism being a possible contributing factor.