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Department of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, *Department of Medicine, The Middlesex Hospital, London, WIN 8AA and Institut de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75674 Paris, France

(Received 16 March 1978)

1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-DHCC) is the principal biologically active metabolite of vitamin D, but under certain conditions, other dihydroxylated forms of vitamin D in the circulation may be important. One of these is 25,26-dihydroxycholecalciferol (25,26-DHCC), for which the biological significance and the tissue of origin are not yet known. It has been reported that 25,26-DHCC increases active intestinal transport of calcium in calcium-deficient rats, but has no effect in calcium-replete or nephrectomized animals (Miravet, Redel, Care, Queille & Bordier, 1976). Its biological activity is probably dependent upon previous renal hydroxylation at position 1 of the molecule to form 1,25,26-trihydroxycholecalciferol (Lam, Schnoes & DeLuca, 1975). It has been calculated that the concentration of 25,26-DHCC