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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto 860, and *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan

(Received 11 February 1976)

It has been reported that 20-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20-HSD), catalysing the oxidation of 20-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20-OHP) to progesterone with NAD⁺ is mainly associated with the mitochondrial fraction of endometrial cells and increases progressively from the early proliferative phase until the late secretory phase (Maeyama, Nakahara, Sudo & Mori, 1973; Tseng & Gurpide, 1974). Recently Collins & Jewkes (1974) and Pollow, Lübbert, Boquoi & Pollow (1975) showed that human endometrial carcinomata do not produce significantly more 20-OHP than proliferative endometrium and that the specific activity of 20-HSD decreases with decreasing differentiation of the tumour. The present study was on the effect of combined administration of progestagen and oestrogen on the conversion of 20-OHP to progesterone in human endometrial carcinomata.

Tissues of endometrial carcinomata were obtained by total hysterectomy