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University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60637, U.S.A.

(Received 28 October 1974)

The relation of androgen production to oestrogen and gonadotrophin production and ovarian fine structure has been examined in rats in constant oestrus (CO) induced by exposure to constant light (CL).

Two groups of 60-day-old virgin Sprague-Dawley rats were studied 4 months apart. Group 1 was exposed to 12 h light: 12 h darkness, Group 2 to 14 h light: 10 h darkness for 25 days, then half of each group was moved to constant light; from this time the animals were handled daily. Daily vaginal smears were performed after 110 days. Normal rats had three consecutive normal oestrous cycles, CO rats had 2–5 weeks of persistent vaginal cornification without leucocytes. Normal and CO rats were studied simultaneously at 160–175 days, between 09.00 and 11.00 h. Under ether anaesthesia, blood was removed by cardiac puncture and