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The increase in size that occurs in an ovary after its pair has been removed is not due to any increase in the number of ova, but to enhanced follicular development and luteinization [Arai, 1920; and for general reviews see Lipschütz, 1924; Pincus, 1936; Burrows, 1945]. In explaining the phenomenon Lipschütz [Lipschütz & Voss, 1924; Lipschütz, 1927] introduced the so-called 'law of follicular constancy'. This postulates that the extent of follicular development depends not upon the total number of primordial follicles present, but upon the action of some extra-ovarian factor which is constant in the magnitude of its effects. To-day this factor is generally identified with pituitary gonadotrophin which, because it is not secreted at a reduced level in a unilaterally spayed animal will, it is believed, have twice the effect on a single ovary as it will on each of two. This hypothesis is supported by a great deal