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It has been demonstrated (Naets & Wittek, 1968) that testosterone is an effective stimulant for production and release of red blood cells (erythropoiesis). The studies reported here were undertaken to explore the effects of testosterone on leucocytosis, an increase in the total number of circulating leucocytes. In addition, testosterone's erythropoietic effect was induced and its time course was compared with the time course of the effect of testosterone on leucocytosis.

On day –1, young adult mice were injected with testosterone propionate (4-androsten-17β-ol-3-one propionate) in 0·1 ml peanut oil. A second 0·1 ml subcutaneous injection was given the following day (day 0). Control mice were treated with 0·1 ml peanut oil or 0·9% NaCl solution at equivalent times. Radioactive iron (⁵⁹Fe) citrate was injected and the percentage of ⁵⁹Fe incorporated into erythrocytes was calculated according to the method of Hodgson (1962). Cardiac blood samples were collected and used