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Although certain of the prostaglandins are known to be potent smooth-muscle contracting agents (Horton, 1969), very little is known of their action on the mammary gland. Prostaglandin F₂ (PGF₂) had no effect on the mammary epithelium of the mouse or on blood flow through the perfused goat udder (J. L. Linzell, personal communication; cited by Pickles, 1967). PGF₁ had no effect per se on the milk-ejection pressure when given by close i.a. or i.v. injection in the lactating rabbit (Türker & Kiran, 1969) but did decrease the milk-ejection activity of oxytocin in the rabbit (Türker & Kiran, 1969) and abolished the milk-ejection activity of oxytocin in the rat (Haldar, Maiweg & Grosvenor, 1970).

We now report results obtained during investigations into the effect of prostaglandins in the lactating guinea-pig assay for oxytocin (Tindal & Yokoyama, 1962). Changes in intramammary pressure were recorded after the close