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It has been estimated that the ovulatory release of luteinizing hormone (LH) in rats lasts for approx. 2 hr. (Everett, 1961), but no estimate of the amount of gonadotrophin secreted is available. In the present study we have blocked ovulation by a single oral dose of a potent oestrogen antagonist—ICI 46,474 [Trans-1-(P-β-dimethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1,2-diphenylbut-l-ene] (Walpole, 1968), and then attempted to determine the amount of LH required to restore ovulation fully in such rats. Evidence presented earlier supports the view that this anti-oestrogen blocks ovulation by interfering with the positive oestrogen feedback, since ovulation in the treated rats can be fully restored either by oestrogen or by LH releasing factor (Labhsetwar, 1970).

The female rats used were of Alderley Park Strain I, originally derived from Wistar rats and randomly bred for several generations under specific pathogen-free conditions. They were exposed to 14 hr. of artificial illumination (06.00–20.00 hr.) daily. Only