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Several studies have indicated that mouse blastocysts proliferate when transplanted to extra-uterine sites such as the eye (Runner, 1947; Fawcett, Wislocki & Waldo, 1947), kidney (Fawcett, 1950; Kirby, 1960), spleen (Kirby, 1963a) and testis (Kirby, 1963b) and that the growth of trophoblast cells is independent of the endocrine status of the host mouse.

In a normal pregnancy the trophoblast contributes to the endocrine milieu of the mouse by producing a luteotrophic substance (Newton & Beck, 1939; Cerruti & Lyons, 1960). According to Kirby (1965, 1966) this substance is produced by the decidua and, in experimental conditions, by the uterine stroma under the influence of adjacent trophoblast cells. This conclusion was borne out by his experiments in which trophoblast tissue growing under the kidney capsule would not stop the oestrous cycle, inhibit mating with ensuing pregnancy, or stimulate the corpora lutea. Moreover, a considerable degree of mammary gland stimulation