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In earlier studies (Bindoni & Cambria, 1966; Bindoni & Raffaele, 1967) it was demonstrated that in rats removal of the pineal gland leads to an increase in the rate of mitoses and in the incorporation of ³²P into the DNA of the liver, spleen and intestine, i.e. organs on whose functions there is little or no evidence of pineal influence (Vaisler & Costiner, 1963; Barbolini, Barbanti & Trentini, 1966; Csaba, Kiss & Bodoky, 1967). As a continuation of our studies on the effects of the pineal gland on the mitotic rate, it was therefore decided to direct our attention to the adenohypophysis, in which various changes following pinealectomy have been described.

Sixteen 6-week-old male albino rats of the Wistar strain were used. They were kept on the same diet and in the same temperature and lighting conditions. They were divided into three groups: the first (n = 7) were pinealectomized