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⁵-3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is a key enzyme involved in steroidogenesis, and has been demonstrated histochemically in the ovaries of a number of species (Baillie, Ferguson & Hart, 1966). The histochemical technique requires the addition of NAD and steroid substrate to the incubation medium, and the presence in the cellular structure of NADH₂-dehydrogenase for the effective transfer of hydrogen to the tetrazolium dye (Wattenberg, 1958). Since monkey ovaries were available to us, it was decided to examine them for both NADH₂-dehydrogenase and ⁵-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. No previous reports have appeared on the localization of these enzymes in the ovaries of the monkey.

Six rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were investigated, two of which were pregnant (52 and 58 days p.c.). Only one of the pair of ovaries from each of the pregnant animals was available for this investigation. The non-pregnant animals were bilaterally ovariectomized on day