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¹ INSERM, U954, Nutrition, Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux, Faculté de Médecine, BP 184, F-54505 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France
² Université Henri Poincaré, EA 3453, F-54000 Nancy, France

(Correspondence should be addressed to B Beck; Email: bernard.beck{at}nancy.inserm.fr)

In this study, we measured ghrelin and leptin in obese Zucker rats after weight loss induced by calorie restriction using either a low-fat (LF) or high-energy palatable (HEPa) diet. After weight loss, the animals were refed lab chow and offered one hour-palatable test meals on the second and fifteenth days of refeeding. Both LF and HEPa rats lost 10% of their initial body weight (P<0.0001). Plasma ghrelin increased with calorie restriction in both groups (P<0.002) with a tendency to a higher increase in the HEPa group while plasma leptin decreased only in the LF group (P<0.01). Both groups ate the same quantity of chow during refeeding and both groups gorged on palatable diet during test meals at a very high constant intensity in HEPa rats. After one week of refeeding, ghrelin levels remained elevated in HEPa rats (+33.2%; P<0.001) while returning to baseline in LF rats. Plasma leptin remained low in LF rats. We conclude that weight loss on a palatable diet is possible if total energy intake is controlled. After stopping restriction, when a palatable diet is available, observed gorging might be dependent on specific ghrelin and leptin changes.