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STARLING REVIEW

Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, California, 94305-5317, USA
¹ Endocrinology Unit and EA 1533, University Pierre et Marie Curie, Genetics of Human Reproduction, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184 rue de Fg St Antoine, 75012, Paris, France

(Requests for offprints should be addressed to A Hsueh; Email: aaron.hsueh{at}stanford.edu)

Recent advances in comparative genomics allow a new paradigm for hormonal research. At the centennial of the first use of the term hormone by Ernest Starling, we reflected on the changing approaches in elucidating hormonal signaling mechanisms and highlighted the inadequacy of the term endocrinology, implying remote activation, to describe the diverse modes of hormone actions. Several examples were presented to underscore the power of comparative genomics in the identification of new polypeptide hormones, receptors, and signaling pathways. We propose the use of the term hormonology to more accurately reflect the expanding boundaries of the discipline.