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The actions of partially purified porcine platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and highly purified multiplication-stimulating activity (MSA) II and MSA III-2, which are somatomedins, were investigated on the incorporation of [³H]thymidine and [³⁵S]sulphate by fetal rat costal cartilage in vitro. This was compared with their effects in the presence of 1% fetal calf serum (FCS) on the uptake of thymidine by growth-arrested fetal rat fibroblasts. Platelet-derived growth factor at concentrations of 0·21–21 µg/l enhanced the incorporation of both isotopes by fetal cartilage in the presence of 1% FCS, but had an inconsistent action on thymidine uptake and no significant action on sulphate uptake in serum-free medium. Platelet-derived growth factor promoted thymidine uptake by growth-arrested, isolated fetal rat fibroblasts. Multiplication-stimulating activity II (10–100 µg/l) stimulated the uptake of thymidine and sulphate by fetal cartilage in medium containing 1% FCS but had no consistent action in serum-free medium, although MSA II and PDGF had a synergistic effect on thymidine uptake in the absence of serum. Multiplication-stimulating activity III-2 had no consistent action on thymidine or sulphate incorporation by fetal cartilage in either serum-free or serum-supplemented medium. However, the same preparation of MSA III-2 stimulated the uptake of [³H]thymidine into fetal rat fibroblasts with a half-maximal response at a concentration of 5–10 µg/l. The results identify PDGF as a possible mitogenic agent for fetal rat connective tissues in vitro and show a differential sensitivity of fetal cartilage to MSA peptides.

J. Endocr. (1984) 103, 195–203